Samuel whitmarsh



S. WHITMARSH. Heating Stove.

Patented Aug. 17, 1852.

SAMUEL WHITMARSH, OF NORTHAMPTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

CALORIFERE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 9,206, dated August 17, 1852. i

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, SAMUEL WHITMZARSH, ofNorthampton, in the county of Hampshire and State of Massachusetts, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Caloriferes, Stoves, orFurnaces for Warming Buildings; and I do hereby declare that the same isfully described in the following specification and the accompanyingdrawings, letters, figures, and references thereof.

Of the said drawings Figure 1 denotes a top view, Fig. 2 a frontelevation, Fig. 3 a central and vertical section of a stove orcalorifere made on my improved plan. Fig. l is a horizontal section ofit taken through the radiator. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section takenthrough the water vessel and the ash it. p In Fig. 3 of the saiddrawings A represents a furnace or chamber for combustion of fuel, B isthe grate thereof, C the opening or passage for supplying the chamberwith fuel, D is the ash pit.

Above and out of the top of the chamber A, I carry a vertical pipe E,which by a partition F, I separate into an ascending and descendingsmoke flue, the pipe being covered on its top as seen at a. Thepartition F is not carried up to the top or cover a of the pipe E, butterminates at a short distance therefrom so as to allow the smoke and.

volatile products of combustion to pass over it and down the passage 0,such passage being made to communicate with a discharge pipe G.

The entire fire chamber A or any suitable part thereof I inclose in abed of sand H, H, or other suitable absorbent non-combustible matter,which I place within a case I made to surround the fire chamber in wholeor part as circumstances may require. Beneath the bed of sand I make areservoir or chamber K for containing water, the sand being made to reston the top (Z of such chamber K which should be perforated with numerousfine holes. The top of this reser voir has a tube e extending above itthrough which water may be poured to supply the vessel is and made torise above the top surface of the top (Z of it in order that it may beabsorbed into the mass of sand by the capillary attraction of the same.The sand chamber I open into a steam tight radiator L made in anysuitable manner so as to expose a large external surface to theatmosphere.

In the drawings it is represented as consisting of fourteen metallicchambers f, f, f, &c., made to radiate from and open into a centralchamber 9 that surrounds the pipe E. The inner end of each chamber f, f,is open from its top to its bottom, so as to allow a free passage forvapor in the chamber g to enter the chamber f.

The furnace or chamber of combustion may be constructed of metal orother suitable material.

The operation ofthe stove or calorifere is as follows. The sand willabsorb water and become saturated with it so as to cause the externalsurface of the furnace or chamber A to be surrounded by or in-contactwith a mass of wet sand. The fuel in combustion will heat the sand so asto cause vapor to form in it and pass upward and into the radiator wherethe heat of such vapor will be abstracted to such extent as to cause thevapor to condense into water and in such state run back into the sandwhere it will be again heated, vaporized and made to pass into theradiators. By employing a mass of wet sand around the furnace and acondensing radiator it will generally be impossble to elevate the Waterof the sand to a boiling temperature or one calculated to produce steamof any injurious pressure. The sand absorbs the heat of the furnace andretains I it for a great length of time, while it also absorbs andvaporizes and reabsorbs and revaporizes the water. The mass of sand oncesaturated with water will require but very little added to it from timeto time to provide for the small by leakage from any cause Thecondensing radiator may also be filled with sand if desirable, but Igenerally prefer to confine the sand to the chamber around the furnace.

The air of the apartment in which the stove may be will be warmed bycontact with the external sides of the sand chamber quantity that may belost 7 and those of the radiator, and with great" economy of fuel andwithoutdanger of any elevation of temperature of the water in the sandto any dangerous extent.

My improvement or principle may be ap plied to hot air furnaces forheating several apartments of a building, also to stoves for culinarypurposes.

What- I claim as my invention is- The combination of the Water supplyreservoir, the chamber or bed of sand,'and a furnace or chamber ofcombustion,

In testimony whereof I have hereto set the Whole 5 being made tooperatesubstantially as specio my signature, this nineteenth day ofMarch SAMUEL WHITMABSH. it

Witnesses:

T. STUYvEscEN'r, ADRIAN JAMES.

